Geospatial expressions

Points, Polygons, LineStrings, and other geospatial types.

GeoSpatialValue

GeoSpatialValue(self, arg)

Methods

Name	Description
area	Compute the area of a geospatial value.
as_binary	Get the geometry as well-known bytes (WKB) without the SRID data.
as_ewkb	Get the geometry as well-known bytes (WKB) with the SRID data.
as_ewkt	Get the geometry as well-known text (WKT) with the SRID data.
as_text	Get the geometry as well-known text (WKT) without the SRID data.
azimuth	Return the angle in radians from the horizontal of the vector defined by the inputs.
buffer	Return all points whose distance from this geometry is less than or equal to radius.
centroid	Returns the centroid of the geometry.
contains	Check if the geometry contains the right.
contains_properly	Check if the first geometry contains the second one.
convert	Transform a geometry into a new SRID (CRS).
covered_by	Check if the first geometry is covered by the second one.
covers	Check if the first geometry covers the second one.
crosses	Check if the geometries have at least one, but not all, interior points in common.
d_fully_within	Check if self is entirely within distance from right.
d_within	Check if self is partially within distance from right.
difference	Return the difference of two geometries.
disjoint	Check if the geometries have no points in common.
distance	Compute the distance between two geospatial expressions.
end_point	Return the last point of a LINESTRING geometry as a POINT.
envelope	Returns a geometry representing the bounding box of self.
flip_coordinates	Flip coordinates of a geometry so that x = y and y = x.
geo_equals	Check if the geometries are equal.
geometry_n	Get the 1-based Nth geometry of a multi geometry.
geometry_type	Get the type of a geometry.
intersection	Return the intersection of two geometries.
intersects	Check if the geometries share any points.
is_valid	Check if the geometry is valid.
length	Compute the length of a geospatial expression.
line_locate_point	Locate the distance a point falls along the length of a line.
line_merge	Merge a MultiLineString into a LineString.
line_substring	Clip a substring from a LineString.
max_distance	Returns the 2-dimensional max distance between two geometries in projected units.
n_points	Return the number of points in a geometry. Works for all geometries.
n_rings	Return the number of rings for polygons and multipolygons.
ordering_equals	Check if two geometries are equal and have the same point ordering.
overlaps	Check if the geometries share space, have the same dimension, and are not completely contained by each other.
perimeter	Compute the perimeter of a geospatial expression.
point_n	Return the Nth point in a single linestring in the geometry.
set_srid	Set the spatial reference identifier for the ST_Geometry.
simplify	Simplify a given geometry.
srid	Return the spatial reference identifier for the ST_Geometry.
start_point	Return the first point of a LINESTRING geometry as a POINT.
touches	Check if the geometries have at least one point in common, but do not intersect.
transform	Transform a geometry into a new SRID.
union	Merge two geometries into a union geometry.
within	Check if the first geometry is completely inside of the second.
x	Return the X coordinate of self, or NULL if not available.
x_max	Return the X maxima of a geometry.
x_min	Return the X minima of a geometry.
y	Return the Y coordinate of self, or NULL if not available.
y_max	Return the Y maxima of a geometry.
y_min	Return the Y minima of a geometry.

area

area()

Compute the area of a geospatial value.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	The area of self

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.area()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoArea(geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ float64       │
├───────────────┤
│  7.903953e+07 │
│  1.439095e+08 │
│  3.168508e+07 │
│  8.023733e+06 │
│  5.041488e+07 │
│  4.093479e+07 │
│  3.934104e+07 │
│  2.682802e+06 │
│  3.416422e+07 │
│  4.404143e+07 │
│             … │
└───────────────┘

as_binary

as_binary()

Get the geometry as well-known bytes (WKB) without the SRID data.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BinaryValue	Binary value

as_ewkb

as_ewkb()

Get the geometry as well-known bytes (WKB) with the SRID data.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BinaryValue	WKB value

as_ewkt

as_ewkt()

Get the geometry as well-known text (WKT) with the SRID data.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	StringValue	String value

as_text

as_text()

Get the geometry as well-known text (WKT) without the SRID data.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	StringValue	String value

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.as_text()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoAsText(geom)                                                                  ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ string                                                                           │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ POLYGON ((933100.9183527103 192536.08569720192, 933091.0114800561 192572.175261… │
│ MULTIPOLYGON (((1033269.2435912937 172126.0078125, 1033439.6426391453 170883.94… │
│ POLYGON ((1026308.7695066631 256767.6975403726, 1026495.5934945047 256638.61561… │
│ POLYGON ((992073.4667968601 203714.07598876953, 992068.6669922024 203711.502197… │
│ POLYGON ((935843.3104932606 144283.33585065603, 936046.5648079664 144173.417798… │
│ POLYGON ((966568.7466657609 158679.85468779504, 966615.255504474 158662.2924831… │
│ POLYGON ((1010804.2179628164 218919.64069513977, 1011049.1648243815 218914.0828… │
│ POLYGON ((1005482.2763733566 221686.46616631746, 1005304.8982993066 221499.1169… │
│ POLYGON ((1043803.993348822 216615.9250395149, 1043849.7083857208 216473.162647… │
│ POLYGON ((1044355.0717166215 190734.32089698315, 1044612.1216432452 190156.8184… │
│ …                                                                                │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

azimuth

azimuth(right)

Return the angle in radians from the horizontal of the vector defined by the inputs.

Angle is computed clockwise from down-to-up on the clock: 12=0; 3=PI/2; 6=PI; 9=3PI/2.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	azimuth

buffer

buffer(radius)

Return all points whose distance from this geometry is less than or equal to radius.

Calculations are in the Spatial Reference System of this Geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
radius	float | ir.FloatingValue	Floating expression	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Geometry expression

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> p = t.x_cent.point(t.y_cent)
>>> p.buffer(10)  # note buff.area.mean() ~ pi * r^2

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoBuffer(GeoPoint(x_cent, y_cent), 10.0)                                        ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                                                              │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POLYGON ((936006.821 191376.75, 936006.629 191374.799, 936006.06 191372.923...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1031095.719 164018.754, 1031095.526 164016.803, 1031094.957 16401...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1026462.617 254265.479, 1026462.425 254263.528, 1026461.856 25426...> │
│ <POLYGON ((990643.981 202959.782, 990643.788 202957.831, 990643.219 202955.9...> │
│ <POLYGON ((931881.37 140681.351, 931881.178 140679.4, 931880.609 140677.525,...> │
│ <POLYGON ((964329.735 157998.936, 964329.543 157996.985, 964328.974 157995.1...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1006506.679 216719.218, 1006506.487 216717.267, 1006505.918 21671...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1005561.571 222936.088, 1005561.379 222934.137, 1005560.81 222932...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1043012.677 212969.849, 1043012.485 212967.898, 1043011.916 21296...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1042233.605 186706.496, 1042233.413 186704.546, 1042232.844 18670...> │
│ …                                                                                │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

centroid

centroid()

Returns the centroid of the geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PointValue	The centroid

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.centroid()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoCentroid(geom)                ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ point:geometry                   │
├──────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POINT (935996.821 191376.75)>   │
│ <POINT (1031085.719 164018.754)> │
│ <POINT (1026452.617 254265.479)> │
│ <POINT (990633.981 202959.782)>  │
│ <POINT (931871.37 140681.351)>   │
│ <POINT (964319.735 157998.936)>  │
│ <POINT (1006496.679 216719.218)> │
│ <POINT (1005551.571 222936.088)> │
│ <POINT (1043002.677 212969.849)> │
│ <POINT (1042223.605 186706.496)> │
│ …                                │
└──────────────────────────────────┘

contains

contains(right)

Check if the geometry contains the right.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self contains right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> p = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75)  # centroid for zone 1
>>> plit = ibis.literal(p, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.contains(plit).name("contains")

┏━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ contains ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean  │
├──────────┤
│ True     │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ …        │
└──────────┘

contains_properly

contains_properly(right)

Check if the first geometry contains the second one.

Excludes common border points.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self contains right excluding border points.

convert

convert(source, target)

Transform a geometry into a new SRID (CRS).

Coordinates are assumed to always be XY (Longitude-Latitude).

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
source	ir.StringValue	CRS/SRID of input geometry	required
target	ir.StringValue | ir.IntegerValue	Target CRS/SRID	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Transformed geometry

See Also

flip_coordinates

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Data is originally in epsg:2263

>>> t.geom.convert("EPSG:2263", "EPSG:4326")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoConvert(geom)                                                                 ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                                                              │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POLYGON ((-74.184 40.695, -74.184 40.695, -74.184 40.695, -74.184 40.696, -...> │
│ <MULTIPOLYGON (((-73.823 40.639, -73.823 40.636, -73.823 40.635, -73.823 40....> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.848 40.871, -73.847 40.871, -73.847 40.871, -73.846 40.871, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.972 40.726, -73.972 40.726, -73.972 40.726, -73.972 40.726, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-74.174 40.563, -74.173 40.562, -74.172 40.562, -74.172 40.562, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-74.064 40.602, -74.064 40.602, -74.064 40.603, -74.065 40.604, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.904 40.768, -73.903 40.768, -73.903 40.768, -73.903 40.768, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.923 40.775, -73.924 40.775, -73.925 40.775, -73.925 40.775, -...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.785 40.761, -73.785 40.761, -73.785 40.76, -73.784 40.76, -73...> │
│ <POLYGON ((-73.783 40.69, -73.782 40.688, -73.781 40.689, -73.781 40.687, -7...> │
│ …                                                                                │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

covered_by

covered_by(right)

Check if the first geometry is covered by the second one.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self is covered by right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Polygon area center in zone 1

>>> pol_big = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75).buffer(10000)
>>> pol_big_lit = ibis.literal(pol_big, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.covered_by(pol_big_lit).name("covered_by")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ covered_by ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean    │
├────────────┤
│ True       │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ …          │
└────────────┘

>>> pol_small = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75).buffer(100)
>>> pol_small_lit = ibis.literal(pol_small, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.covered_by(pol_small_lit).name("covered_by")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ covered_by ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean    │
├────────────┤
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ …          │
└────────────┘

covers

covers(right)

Check if the first geometry covers the second one.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self covers right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Polygon area center in zone 1

>>> z1_ctr_buff = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75).buffer(10)
>>> z1_ctr_buff_lit = ibis.literal(z1_ctr_buff, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.covers(z1_ctr_buff_lit).name("covers")

┏━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ covers  ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean │
├─────────┤
│ True    │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ …       │
└─────────┘

crosses

crosses(right)

Check if the geometries have at least one, but not all, interior points in common.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self and right have at least one common interior point.

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Line from center of zone 1 to center of zone 2

>>> line = shapely.LineString([[935996.821, 191376.75], [1031085.719, 164018.754]])
>>> line_lit = ibis.literal(line, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.crosses(line_lit).name("crosses")

┏━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ crosses ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean │
├─────────┤
│ True    │
│ True    │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ …       │
└─────────┘

>>> t.filter(t.geom.crosses(line_lit))[["zone", "LocationID"]]

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ zone                   ┃ LocationID ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ string                 │ int32      │
├────────────────────────┼────────────┤
│ Newark Airport         │          1 │
│ Jamaica Bay            │          2 │
│ Canarsie               │         39 │
│ East Flatbush/Farragut │         71 │
│ Erasmus                │         85 │
│ Flatbush/Ditmas Park   │         89 │
│ Flatlands              │         91 │
│ Green-Wood Cemetery    │        111 │
│ Sunset Park West       │        228 │
│ Windsor Terrace        │        257 │
└────────────────────────┴────────────┘

d_fully_within

d_fully_within(right, distance)

Check if self is entirely within distance from right.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required
distance	ir.FloatingValue	Distance to check	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self is within a specified distance from right.

d_within

d_within(right, distance)

Check if self is partially within distance from right.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required
distance	ir.FloatingValue	Distance to check	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self is partially within distance from right.

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> penn_station = shapely.Point(986345.399, 211974.446)
>>> penn_lit = ibis.literal(penn_station, "geometry")

Check zones within 1000ft of Penn Station centroid

>>> t.geom.d_within(penn_lit, 1000).name("d_within_1000")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ d_within_1000 ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean       │
├───────────────┤
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ False         │
│ …             │
└───────────────┘

>>> t.filter(t.geom.d_within(penn_lit, 1000))[["zone"]]

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ zone                         ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ string                       │
├──────────────────────────────┤
│ East Chelsea                 │
│ Midtown South                │
│ Penn Station/Madison Sq West │
└──────────────────────────────┘

difference

difference(right)

Return the difference of two geometries.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Difference of self and right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.difference(t.geom.centroid())

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoDifference(geom, GeoCentroid(geom))                                           ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                                                              │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POLYGON ((933091.011 192572.175, 933088.585 192604.97, 933121.56 192857.382...> │
│ <MULTIPOLYGON (((1033439.643 170883.946, 1033473.265 170808.208, 1033504.66 ...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1026495.593 256638.616, 1026567.23 256589.859, 1026729.235 256481...> │
│ <POLYGON ((992068.667 203711.502, 992061.716 203711.772, 992049.866 203627.2...> │
│ <POLYGON ((936046.565 144173.418, 936387.922 143967.756, 936481.134 143911.7...> │
│ <POLYGON ((966615.256 158662.292, 966524.882 158822.266, 966153.394 159414.4...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1011049.165 218914.083, 1011117.534 218916.104, 1011186.09 218913...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1005304.898 221499.117, 1004958.187 221747.929, 1004935.368 22176...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1043849.708 216473.163, 1043900.798 216332.234, 1043957.136 21619...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1044612.122 190156.818, 1044849.742 190262.973, 1045120.559 18965...> │
│ …                                                                                │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

disjoint

disjoint(right)

Check if the geometries have no points in common.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self and right are disjoint

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> p = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75)  # zone 1 centroid
>>> plit = ibis.literal(p, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.disjoint(plit).name("disjoint")

┏━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ disjoint ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean  │
├──────────┤
│ False    │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ True     │
│ …        │
└──────────┘

distance

distance(right)

Compute the distance between two geospatial expressions.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry or geography	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Distance between self and right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Penn station zone centroid

>>> penn_station = shapely.Point(986345.399, 211974.446)
>>> penn_lit = ibis.literal(penn_station, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.distance(penn_lit).name("distance_penn")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ distance_penn ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ float64       │
├───────────────┤
│  47224.139856 │
│  55992.665470 │
│  54850.880098 │
│   8011.846870 │
│  84371.995209 │
│  54196.904809 │
│  15965.509896 │
│  20566.442476 │
│  54070.543584 │
│  56994.826531 │
│             … │
└───────────────┘

end_point

end_point()

Return the last point of a LINESTRING geometry as a POINT.

Return NULL if the input parameter is not a LINESTRING

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PointValue	End point

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> con = ibis.get_backend()
>>> con.load_extension("spatial")
>>> import shapely
>>> line = shapely.LineString([[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1]])
>>> line_lit = ibis.literal(line, type="geometry")
>>> line_lit.end_point()

┌───────────────┐
│ <POINT (1 1)> │
└───────────────┘

envelope

envelope()

Returns a geometry representing the bounding box of self.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PolygonValue	A polygon

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.envelope()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoEnvelope(geom)                                                                ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ polygon:geometry                                                                 │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POLYGON ((931553.491 183788.05, 941810.009 183788.05, 941810.009 197256.211...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1018052.359 151230.391, 1049019.806 151230.391, 1049019.806 17247...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1022540.66 251648.652, 1031732.164 251648.652, 1031732.164 257811...> │
│ <POLYGON ((988733.885 201170.618, 992114.154 201170.618, 992114.154 205029.4...> │
│ <POLYGON ((927766.539 134554.848, 936499.881 134554.848, 936499.881 145354.2...> │
│ <POLYGON ((958451.703 153868.426, 969746.332 153868.426, 969746.332 161198.9...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1001260.812 213309.301, 1011389.066 213309.301, 1011389.066 21982...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1004114.386 221499.117, 1006968.78 221499.117, 1006968.78 224422....> │
│ <POLYGON ((1040414.414 208318.344, 1046392.971 208318.344, 1046392.971 22002...> │
│ <POLYGON ((1038120.442 182170.756, 1047431.161 182170.756, 1047431.161 19073...> │
│ …                                                                                │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

flip_coordinates

flip_coordinates()

Flip coordinates of a geometry so that x = y and y = x.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	New geometry with flipped coordinates

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.centroid().flip_coordinates()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoFlipCoordinates(GeoCentroid(geom)) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                   │
├───────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POINT (191376.75 935996.821)>        │
│ <POINT (164018.754 1031085.719)>      │
│ <POINT (254265.479 1026452.617)>      │
│ <POINT (202959.782 990633.981)>       │
│ <POINT (140681.351 931871.37)>        │
│ <POINT (157998.936 964319.735)>       │
│ <POINT (216719.218 1006496.679)>      │
│ <POINT (222936.088 1005551.571)>      │
│ <POINT (212969.849 1043002.677)>      │
│ <POINT (186706.496 1042223.605)>      │
│ …                                     │
└───────────────────────────────────────┘

geo_equals

geo_equals(right)

Check if the geometries are equal.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self equals right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.geo_equals(t.geom)

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoEquals(geom, geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean               │
├───────────────────────┤
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ True                  │
│ …                     │
└───────────────────────┘

geometry_n

geometry_n(n)

Get the 1-based Nth geometry of a multi geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
n	int | ir.IntegerValue	Nth geometry index	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Geometry value

geometry_type

geometry_type()

Get the type of a geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	StringValue	String representing the type of self.

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.geometry_type()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoGeometryType(geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ string                │
├───────────────────────┤
│ POLYGON               │
│ MULTIPOLYGON          │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ POLYGON               │
│ …                     │
└───────────────────────┘

intersection

intersection(right)

Return the intersection of two geometries.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Intersection of self and right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.intersection(t.geom.centroid())

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoIntersection(geom, GeoCentroid(geom)) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                      │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POINT (935996.821 191376.75)>           │
│ <POINT (1031085.719 164018.754)>         │
│ <POINT (1026452.617 254265.479)>         │
│ <POINT (990633.981 202959.782)>          │
│ <POINT (931871.37 140681.351)>           │
│ <POINT (964319.735 157998.936)>          │
│ <POINT (1006496.679 216719.218)>         │
│ <POINT (1005551.571 222936.088)>         │
│ <POINT (1043002.677 212969.849)>         │
│ <POINT (1042223.605 186706.496)>         │
│ …                                        │
└──────────────────────────────────────────┘

intersects

intersects(right)

Check if the geometries share any points.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self intersects right

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> p = shapely.Point(935996.821, 191376.75)  # zone 1 centroid
>>> plit = ibis.literal(p, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.intersects(plit).name("intersects")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ intersects ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean    │
├────────────┤
│ True       │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ False      │
│ …          │
└────────────┘

is_valid

is_valid()

Check if the geometry is valid.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self is valid

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.is_valid()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoIsValid(geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean          │
├──────────────────┤
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ True             │
│ …                │
└──────────────────┘

length

length()

Compute the length of a geospatial expression.

Returns zero for polygons.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Length of self

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> con = ibis.get_backend()
>>> con.load_extension("spatial")
>>> import shapely
>>> line = shapely.LineString([[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1]])
>>> line_lit = ibis.literal(line, type="geometry")
>>> line_lit.length()

┌─────┐
│ 2.0 │
└─────┘

>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.length()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoLength(geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ float64         │
├─────────────────┤
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│             0.0 │
│               … │
└─────────────────┘

line_locate_point

line_locate_point(right)

Locate the distance a point falls along the length of a line.

Returns a float between zero and one representing the location of the closest point on the linestring to the given point, as a fraction of the total 2d line length.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	PointValue	Point geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Fraction of the total line length

line_merge

line_merge()

Merge a MultiLineString into a LineString.

Returns a (set of) LineString(s) formed by sewing together the constituent line work of a MultiLineString. If a geometry other than a LineString or MultiLineString is given, this will return an empty geometry collection.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Merged linestrings

line_substring

line_substring(start, end)

Clip a substring from a LineString.

Returns a linestring that is a substring of the input one, starting and ending at the given fractions of the total 2d length. The second and third arguments are floating point values between zero and one. This only works with linestrings.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
start	ir.FloatingValue	Start value	required
end	ir.FloatingValue	End value	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	LineStringValue	Clipped linestring

max_distance

max_distance(right)

Returns the 2-dimensional max distance between two geometries in projected units.

If self and right are the same geometry the function will return the distance between the two vertices most far from each other in that geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Maximum distance

n_points

n_points()

Return the number of points in a geometry. Works for all geometries.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	IntegerValue	Number of points

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.n_points()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoNPoints(geom) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ int64            │
├──────────────────┤
│              232 │
│             2954 │
│              121 │
│               88 │
│              170 │
│              277 │
│              182 │
│               40 │
│              189 │
│              157 │
│                … │
└──────────────────┘

n_rings

n_rings()

Return the number of rings for polygons and multipolygons.

Outer rings are counted as well.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	IntegerValue	Number of rings

ordering_equals

ordering_equals(right)

Check if two geometries are equal and have the same point ordering.

Returns true if the two geometries are equal and the coordinates are in the same order.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether points and orderings are equal.

overlaps

overlaps(right)

Check if the geometries share space, have the same dimension, and are not completely contained by each other.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Overlaps indicator

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Polygon center in an edge point of zone 1

>>> p_edge_buffer = shapely.Point(933100.918, 192536.086).buffer(100)
>>> buff_lit = ibis.literal(p_edge_buffer, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.overlaps(buff_lit).name("overlaps")

┏━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ overlaps ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean  │
├──────────┤
│ True     │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ False    │
│ …        │
└──────────┘

perimeter

perimeter()

Compute the perimeter of a geospatial expression.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Perimeter of self

point_n

point_n(n)

Return the Nth point in a single linestring in the geometry.

Negative values are counted backwards from the end of the LineString, so that -1 is the last point. Returns NULL if there is no linestring in the geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
n	ir.IntegerValue	Nth point index	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PointValue	Nth point in self

set_srid

set_srid(srid)

Set the spatial reference identifier for the ST_Geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
srid	ir.IntegerValue	SRID integer value	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	self with SRID set to srid

simplify

simplify(tolerance, preserve_collapsed)

Simplify a given geometry.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
tolerance	ir.FloatingValue	Tolerance	required
preserve_collapsed	ir.BooleanValue	Whether to preserve collapsed geometries	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Simplified geometry

srid

srid()

Return the spatial reference identifier for the ST_Geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	IntegerValue	SRID

start_point

start_point()

Return the first point of a LINESTRING geometry as a POINT.

Return NULL if the input parameter is not a LINESTRING

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PointValue	Start point

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> con = ibis.get_backend()
>>> con.load_extension("spatial")
>>> import shapely
>>> line = shapely.LineString([[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1]])
>>> line_lit = ibis.literal(line, type="geometry")
>>> line_lit.start_point()

┌───────────────┐
│ <POINT (0 0)> │
└───────────────┘

touches

touches(right)

Check if the geometries have at least one point in common, but do not intersect.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self and right are touching

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Edge point of zone 1

>>> p_edge = shapely.Point(933100.9183527103, 192536.08569720192)
>>> p_edge_lit = ibis.literal(p_edge, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.touches(p_edge_lit).name("touches")

┏━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ touches ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━┩
│ boolean │
├─────────┤
│ True    │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ False   │
│ …       │
└─────────┘

transform

transform(srid)

Transform a geometry into a new SRID.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
srid	ir.IntegerValue	Integer expression	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Transformed geometry

union

union(right)

Merge two geometries into a union geometry.

Returns the pointwise union of the two geometries.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialValue	Union of geometries

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()

Penn station zone centroid

>>> penn_station = shapely.Point(986345.399, 211974.446)
>>> penn_lit = ibis.literal(penn_station, "geometry")
>>> t.geom.centroid().union(penn_lit).name("union_centroid_penn")

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ union_centroid_penn                                          ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ geospatial:geometry                                          │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ <MULTIPOINT (935996.821 191376.75, 986345.399 211974.446)>   │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1031085.719 164018.754, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1026452.617 254265.479, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ <MULTIPOINT (990633.981 202959.782, 986345.399 211974.446)>  │
│ <MULTIPOINT (931871.37 140681.351, 986345.399 211974.446)>   │
│ <MULTIPOINT (964319.735 157998.936, 986345.399 211974.446)>  │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1006496.679 216719.218, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1005551.571 222936.088, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1043002.677 212969.849, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ <MULTIPOINT (1042223.605 186706.496, 986345.399 211974.446)> │
│ …                                                            │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

within

within(right)

Check if the first geometry is completely inside of the second.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	GeoSpatialValue	Right geometry	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	BooleanValue	Whether self is in right.

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> import shapely
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> penn_station_buff = shapely.Point(986345.399, 211974.446).buffer(5000)
>>> penn_lit = ibis.literal(penn_station_buff, "geometry")
>>> t.filter(t.geom.within(penn_lit))["zone"]

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ zone                         ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ string                       │
├──────────────────────────────┤
│ East Chelsea                 │
│ Flatiron                     │
│ Garment District             │
│ Midtown South                │
│ Penn Station/Madison Sq West │
└──────────────────────────────┘

x

x()

Return the X coordinate of self, or NULL if not available.

Input must be a point.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	X coordinate of self

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.centroid().x()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoX(GeoCentroid(geom)) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ float64                 │
├─────────────────────────┤
│            9.359968e+05 │
│            1.031086e+06 │
│            1.026453e+06 │
│            9.906340e+05 │
│            9.318714e+05 │
│            9.643197e+05 │
│            1.006497e+06 │
│            1.005552e+06 │
│            1.043003e+06 │
│            1.042224e+06 │
│                       … │
└─────────────────────────┘

x_max

x_max()

Return the X maxima of a geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	X maxima

x_min

x_min()

Return the X minima of a geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	X minima

y

y()

Return the Y coordinate of self, or NULL if not available.

Input must be a point.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Y coordinate of self

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.centroid().y()

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoY(GeoCentroid(geom)) ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ float64                 │
├─────────────────────────┤
│           191376.749531 │
│           164018.754403 │
│           254265.478659 │
│           202959.782391 │
│           140681.351376 │
│           157998.935612 │
│           216719.218169 │
│           222936.087552 │
│           212969.849014 │
│           186706.496469 │
│                       … │
└─────────────────────────┘

y_max

y_max()

Return the Y maxima of a geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Y maxima

y_min

y_min()

Return the Y minima of a geometry.

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	FloatingValue	Y minima

GeoSpatialColumn

GeoSpatialColumn(self, arg)

Methods

Name	Description
unary_union	Aggregate a set of geometries into a union.

unary_union

unary_union(where=None)

Aggregate a set of geometries into a union.

This corresponds to the aggregate version of the union. We give it a different name (following the corresponding method in GeoPandas) to avoid name conflicts with the non-aggregate version.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
where	bool | ir.BooleanValue | None	Filter expression	None

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	GeoSpatialScalar	Union of geometries

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.geom.unary_union()

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ <MULTIPOLYGON (((934491.267 196304.019, 934656.105 196375.819, 934810.948 19...> │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

NumericValue.point

point(right)

Return a point constructed from the coordinate values.

Constant coordinates result in construction of a POINT literal or column.

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Default
right	int | float | NumericValue	Y coordinate	required

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	PointValue	Points

Examples

>>> import ibis
>>> ibis.options.interactive = True
>>> t = ibis.examples.zones.fetch()
>>> t.x_cent.point(t.y_cent)

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ GeoPoint(x_cent, y_cent)         ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ point:geometry                   │
├──────────────────────────────────┤
│ <POINT (935996.821 191376.75)>   │
│ <POINT (1031085.719 164018.754)> │
│ <POINT (1026452.617 254265.479)> │
│ <POINT (990633.981 202959.782)>  │
│ <POINT (931871.37 140681.351)>   │
│ <POINT (964319.735 157998.936)>  │
│ <POINT (1006496.679 216719.218)> │
│ <POINT (1005551.571 222936.088)> │
│ <POINT (1043002.677 212969.849)> │
│ <POINT (1042223.605 186706.496)> │
│ …                                │
└──────────────────────────────────┘